Basic Information

Physical and chemical properties

Almost insoluble in water and similar in toxicity to methyl acrylate.

Use

1. Mainly used for making synthetic resins, synthetic fibers, synthetic rubber, plastics, coatings, adhesives, etc.

2. Acrylic acid and its esters are widely used in industry. In the process of use, often acrylate-like polymers or copolymers are synthesized. Butyl acrylate (and methyl ester, ethyl ester, 2-ethylhexyl ester) is a soft monomer, can be with a variety of hard monomers such as methyl methacrylate, styrene, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, and functional monomers such as (methyl) hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl ester, glycidyl ester, (methyl) acrylamide and derivatives for copolymerization, crosslinking, grafting, etc. Into 200-700 kinds of acrylic resin products (mainly emulsion type, solvent type and water soluble type), widely used in coating, adhesive, acrylic fiber modification, plastic modification, fiber and fabric processing, paper processing agent, leather processing and acrylic rubber and many other aspects.

3. Used as monomer and intermediate in organic synthesis of polymers and resins.

Methods of production

Acrylates are produced by hydrolysis of acrylonitrile, β-propanolactone, Repe and modified Repe, cyanoethanol and direct oxidation of propylene.

1. Cyanoethanol process with chloroethanol and sodium cyanide as raw materials, reaction to produce cyanoethanol, cyanoethanol in the presence of sulfuric acid hydrolysis to acrylic acid.

2. Acrylonitrile hydrolysis method Because of the abundant source of acrylonitrile, the method of producing acrylic ester with acrylonitrile as raw material has been developed. Now industrialized methods are Societe Ugine method and Standard Oil Co(O-hio) method. Acrylonitrile is heated to 90℃ with sulfuric acid to hydrolyze acrylonitrile to acrylamide sulfate, which is further esterified to form acrylic ester. In recent years, it has been reported that using acrylonitrile as raw material, the yield of ester can reach 95% by one-step production.

3. Using acetic acid (or acetone) as raw material and triethyl phosphate as catalyst, β-propanolactone was cleaved at 625-730℃ to produce ketenone. Then, in the presence of AICI3 or BF3 catalyst, anhydrous methyl acetate is subjected to gas phase reaction at 25℃ to produce β-propanolactone. If the target product is acrylic acid, propanolactone is contacted with hot 100% phosphoric acid to form acrylic acid. If the intended product is an acrylic ester, crude propanolactone can react directly with the corresponding alcohol and sulfuric acid without purification.

4. Repe process and improved Repe process to acetylene, carbon monoxide and water or alcohol reaction to synthesize acrylic acid or acrylic ester. (1) chemical measurement method This method is to make acetylene, nickel carbonyl (to provide carbon monoxide) and water or alcohol under relatively mild conditions (40℃, 0.101MPa) reaction, acrylic acid or acrylate:

(2) Catalyzed acetylene, carbon monoxide, alcohol in the presence of nickel carbonyl catalyst, at 150℃, 1.50-3MPa reaction to prepare acrylate:

(3) Improved Repe method This method is a combination of the above two methods, in the chemical measurement method reaction began, through carbon monoxide and acetylene, the reaction can be carried out continuously, the reaction required 80% of the carbon monoxide available gas carbon monoxide, and nickel carbonyl only provide 20%.

(4) High pressure Repe method is characterized by using tetrahydrofuran as a solvent, the acetylene required by the reaction is dissolved in tetrahydrofuran first, so as to reduce the risk of high pressure treatment of acetylene, at the same time, without nickel carbonyl, only with nickel salt as a catalyst, reaction under 200-225℃ and 8.11-10.13MPa.

(5) Direct oxidation of propylene is the latest method to produce acrylic acid and its esters. Raw material consumption quota: acrylic acid 770kg/t, n-butanol 610kg/t.